Markesan Municipal Water Plant
What Markesan Municipal Water Plant filed with PSC about the water it produced and the water it billed for, 2016–2025 — and what the filing does and does not let anyone verify.
- Non-revenue water, FY2025
- 14.0% Computed from filed system input and billed consumption.
- system input volume 40.9 sheet Sheet1, cell H306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000 · net of water sold to wholesale customers, which is the volume entering this utility's own distribution system
- billed authorized consumption 35.2 sheet Sheet1, cell I306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000
- Annual value of the filed loss
- — Not estimable from what PSC publishes. A loss percentage cannot be priced without the volume it is a share of.
2026-09-08-5ef7d6e2fdbd.csvSheet1 H306agency source
Where this figure comes from
(system input − billed authorized) ÷ system input × 100
Read from data/archive/wi-psc-water-audit/2026-09-08-5ef7d6e2fdbd.csv (SHA-256 5ef7d6e2fdbdac2b), our archived copy of the file as it stood on 2026-09-08. That path is committed to the repository and is not served here. The agency publishes its own current copy at https://apps.psc.wi.gov/ARS/WEGSqueries/default.aspx, which may since have been revised.
What the record shows
14.0% non-revenue water in FY2025, higher than 41% of the 562 Wisconsin systems that filed that year.
- The figure is improving across the record.
- The figure moved from 21% to 11% between FY2018 and FY2019.
Debt outstanding, and what covers the interest
$2.6M of long-term debt outstanding at the end of 2025, across 4 bond issues. This is principal outstanding on the water utility's own balance sheet, on the Commission's own test: it files no electric operating report.
| Year | Debt outstanding | Issues | Net revenue | Interest | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $2.6M | 4 | $157,401 | $38,868 | 4.05 |
| 2024 | $2.7M | 4 | $143,764 | $39,460 | 3.64 |
| 2023 | $2.7M | 4 | $198,033 | $38,135 | 5.19 |
| 2022 | $2.6M | 4 | $197,272 | $28,298 | 6.97 |
| 2021 | $2.3M | 3 | $212,001 | $47,467 | 4.47 |
| 2020 | $3.1M | 4 | $212,186 | $48,996 | 4.33 |
| 2019 | $3.2M | 4 | $200,302 | $47,565 | 4.21 |
| 2018 | $2.3M | 4 | $123,113 | $53,860 | 2.29 |
| 2017 | $1.9M | 3 | $102,601 | $23,795 | 4.31 |
| 2016 | $695,300 | 1 | $80,808 | $21,099 | 3.83 |
4.05 — what Markesan Municipal Water Plant's net revenue was against its interest in 2025.
Net revenue over interest: the Commission's account 400 (operating revenue), less 401–402 (operation and maintenance), less 408 (taxes), divided by 427 plus 430 plus 431 (interest on long-term debt, on municipal advances, and other). Depreciation is filed under 403 and is not deducted, because what pays interest is cash.
This is not a debt service coverage ratio and must not be read as one. Debt service is principal repaid plus interest, and the principal repaid in a year is not filed anywhere in this source. A covenant ratio is defined in the bond documents, which set out their own revenues, their own operating expenses and their own exclusions. Two utilities with identical filed figures can have different covenant ratios.
Figures are as filed with the Commission under Wis. Admin. Code ch. PSC 185 and are not audited as presented. Nothing here is a credit opinion, an implied rating, or a judgement that any figure is sufficient. Source: Public Service Commission of Wisconsin, annual report financial schedules, 2016–2025, retrieved 2026-09-12.
PSC derives water losses from system input minus authorized consumption, so these parts sum to the whole on every filing. What a filing can get wrong is which of these numbers were measured.
Where these volumes come from
- System input 40.9 MG sheet Sheet1, cell H306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000 · net of water sold to wholesale customers, which is the volume entering this utility's own distribution system
- Billed authorized 35.2 MG sheet Sheet1, cell I306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000
- Unbilled authorized 2.03 MG sheet Sheet1, cell O306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000
- Apparent loss 0 MG sheet Sheet1, cell R306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000
- Real loss 3.7 MG sheet Sheet1, cell U306 · thousands of gallons, declared in the column header, divided by 1,000
From data/archive/wi-psc-water-audit/2026-09-08-5ef7d6e2fdbd.csv (SHA-256 5ef7d6e2fdbdac2b), retrieved 2026-09-08 from the published source.
| Year | NRW | Input (MG) |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 14.0% | 40.9 |
| 2024 | 10.0% | 39.3 |
| 2023 | 9.1% | 39.5 |
| 2022 | 11.0% | 40.6 |
| 2021 | 17.0% | 43.8 |
| 2020 | 12.6% | 46.2 |
| 2019 | 11.1% | 41.9 |
| 2018 | 21.3% | 47.6 |
| 2017 | 24.8% | 48 |
| 2016 | 20.8% | 46.8 |
Balance closure is inapplicable on every filed year above, so the column that repeated it is not shown. PSC derives water losses from system input minus authorized consumption, so this decomposition holds by construction. This is neither a pass nor a disclosure gap.
Other Wisconsin systems
PSC publishes no county or connection count for these systems, so they cannot be ranked against this one. These are other filers, not comparables.
- Cuba City Electric And Water
- Cudahy Water
- Cumberland Municipal
- Curtiss Municipal Water And Sewer
- Dallas Municipal Water
- Dalton Sanitary District
- Danbury Sanitary District
- Dane Water And Sewer
Where is it going?
This page values the loss. It cannot say which accounts, which zones, or which meters, and it cannot say how much of that value is collectable. Answering either takes your billing history, your meter reads, and your production data reconciled against each other.
Our Water Loss Recovery Snapshot is three weeks, one flat fee, and the deliverable is a ranked list of specific accounts and zones with dollars and a confidence on each.
See what the Snapshot delivers Email us about Markesan Municipal Water PlantSources and corrections. Every figure above is either filed by the utility or computed from filed figures, and each one says which. If a number here looks wrong, tell us: the error may be in the filing, in our reading of it, or in something the export does not show. Send a correction. We will check it against the source, correct the page where it is wrong, and say what changed.
- Public Service Commission of Wisconsin, municipal annual report Schedule W-15. Retrieved 2026-09-08 from data/archive/wi-psc-water-audit/2026-09-08-5ef7d6e2fdbd.csv. https://apps.psc.wi.gov/ARS/WEGSqueries/default.aspx